Solar panel | Photovoltaic module serve as instruments that transform sunlight into using solar cells. These are an environmentally friendly and alternative energy source, minimizing reliance on non-renewable energy. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_panel |
Solar thermal collector | A solar collector is a system that captures sunlight to convert heat, typically used for hot water production or room heating applications. It successfully converts solar energy into thermal energy, cutting down on reliance on traditional energy sources. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_thermal_collector |
Solar thermal energy | Sun-powered thermal energy harnesses solar radiation to generate heat, which can be used for hot water production, indoor heating, or electricity generation. It is a green and sustainable technology that reduces fossil fuel consumption and lowers GHG emissions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_thermal_energy |
Worthing | Worthing is a beautiful seaside town in West Sussex, England, known for its historic pier and vibrant promenade. It offers a enchanting blend of golden sands, cultural attractions, and outdoor activities perfect for visitors and residents alike. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Worthing |
England | The country of England is a historic country in the UK known for its abundant cultural heritage, famous sights, and lively urban areas like London. It boasts a mixed terrain of undulating terrain, old castles, and bustling urban centers that mix heritage with modern developments. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/England |
Sunlight | Solar light is the environmental light emitted by the sun, vital for existence on Earth as it provides energy for photosynthesis and influences climate and weather patterns. It also contributes to our well-being by regulating our circadian rhythms and enhancing vitamin D production. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunlight |
Electricity | Electrical power is a kind of energy due to the flow of charged particles, primarily negatively charged particles. It powers countless appliances and systems, enabling modern life and technological progress. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electricity |
Photovoltaic | Photovoltaic technology converts sunlight directly into electricity using solar panels composed of semi-conductor materials. It is a renewable energy source that reduces reliance on non-renewable fuels and helps mitigate ecological footprint. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photovoltaic |
Electrons | Electrons are subatomic particles with a negative electric charge that surround the nucleus of an atom, crucial in in chemical reactions and electricity. Their behavior and interactions affect the electrical conductivity and chemical properties of elements. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrons |
Direct current | Direct current is the unidirectional movement of electric charge, usually produced by batteries, electrical sources, and solar panels. It provides a steady voltage or current, rendering it crucial for electronic devices and low voltage. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Direct_current |
Battery (electricity) | A battery is a instrument that holds chemical energy and converts it into electrical energy to run various electronic devices. It consists of multiple electrochemical cells, each housing positive and negative electrodes divided by an electrolyte. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battery_(electricity) |
Photovoltaic system | A photovoltaic system converts solar radiation directly into electricity using photovoltaic panels made of solar cells. It is an environmentally friendly energy solution that minimizes reliance on fossil fuels and promotes sustainable energy production. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photovoltaic_system |
Solar inverter | A solar power converter is a unit that converts DC generated by solar panels into AC fit for household use and grid integration. It is vital for enhancing energy performance and ensuring safe, reliable electricity delivery from solar energy systems. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_inverter |
Alternating current | AC is an electric current that changes polarity regularly, typically used in domestic and commercial power supplies. It enables effective transmission of electricity over extended spans and is defined by its voltage and current waveforms, usually sinusoidal. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alternating_current |
Charge controller | A power management device is a device that manages the voltage and electric current coming from a solar panel to prevent batteries from overcharging and harm. It ensures efficient energy transfer and extends the lifespan of the battery system. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charge_controller |
Measuring instrument | A measuring instrument is a tool used to determine the dimension, quantity, or intensity of something accurately. It includes tools like rulers, temperature sensors, and manometers that provide precise readings for various applications. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Measuring_instrument |
Solar tracker | A solar tracker is a system that automatically adjusts its orientation of solar panels to follow the sun's movement throughout the day, increasing energy absorption. This technology enhances the efficiency of solar power systems by keeping optimal sun exposure. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_tracker |
Solar farms | Solar power plants are large-scale installations that capture sunlight to create electricity using numerous solar panels. They supply a green and renewable energy source, reducing reliance on carbon-based fuels and decreasing carbon emissions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_farms |
Rooftop solar power | Roof-mounted solar energy involves setting up photovoltaic cells on roofs of buildings to produce electricity from sunlight. This renewable energy source helps reduce reliance on non-renewable fuels and reduces greenhouse gas emissions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rooftop_solar_power |
Grid-connected photovoltaic system | An grid-integrated solar energy setup changes sunlight into electricity and feeds excess power directly into the utility grid, providing a eco-friendly energy solution. It boosts energy efficiency and decreases reliance on fossil fuels while enabling users to gain potential energy credits. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grid-connected_photovoltaic_system |
Greenhouse gas emissions | Greenhouse gas emissions refer to the release of gases such as carbon dioxide, methane, and N2O into the atmosphere, primarily from anthropogenic sources like fossil fuel combustion and tree clearing. These gases trap heat in the Earth's atmosphere, contributing to global warming and climate change. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greenhouse_gas_emissions |
Solar power satellite | A solar energy satellite is an artificial satellite equipped with solar arrays that absorb sunlight and transform into electrical energy. This power is then transmitted wirelessly to our planet for utilization as a sustainable energy source. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_power_satellite |
Home energy storage | Home power storage systems retain excess electricity generated from green sources or the grid for later use, boosting energy self-sufficiency and efficiency. These systems commonly employ batteries to deliver backup power, lower energy expenses, and support grid stability. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Home_energy_storage |
Timeline of solar cells | The history of photovoltaic cells documents the development and improvements in photovoltaic technology from the early invention of the photovoltaic effect to current advanced solar arrays. It showcases major breakthroughs, including the invention of the initial silicon photovoltaic cell in 1954 and continuous developments that have significantly enhanced power conversion and cost-effectiveness. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_solar_cells |
Edmond Becquerel | Edmond Becquerel was a French physicist noted for his innovative work in the study of the photovoltaic effect and glow. His research laid the groundwork for grasping how illumination interacts with certain substances to generate electricity. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edmond_Becquerel |
Willoughby Smith | Willoughby Smith was a British electrical engineer and researcher known for discovering the photo-conductive property of selenium in 1873. His work formed the basis for the creation of the photo-sensitive device and progress in initial photography and electronic systems. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willoughby_Smith |
Selenium | The Selenium framework is an open-source platform used for automated testing of web browsers, allowing testers to mimic user interactions and test web application functionalities. It supports multiple programming languages and browsers, making it a flexible tool for test automation. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selenium |
William Grylls Adams | William Grylls Adams was a UK physicist renowned for his pioneering work in the study of light and optics, particularly the discovery of the polarization of light reflected from transparent materials. His research significantly contributed to the understanding of electromagnetic waves and the development of optics. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Grylls_Adams |
Charles Fritts | Charles Fritts was an US creator who created the earliest working selenium solar cell in 1883. His groundbreaking work laid the basis for the modern photovoltaic industry. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Fritts |
Coal-fired power plant | A coal-burning power plant generates electricity by firing coal to produce steam that rotates turbines connected to generators. This process releases large amounts of carbon dioxide and other pollutants into the atmosphere. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coal-fired_power_plant |
Russell Ohl | Russell Ohl was an American scientist credited with finding the solar cell and improving the understanding of semiconductor. His work paved the way for modern solar power technology and the creation of silicon-based solar panels. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russell_Ohl |
Bell Labs | Bell Laboratories is a famous R&D entity long-standing associated with AT&T, known for pioneering innovations in communications, computer science, and materials science. It has been the source of countless groundbreaking inventions, including the semiconductor device and the laser. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bell_Labs |
Silicon | Silicon is a element with the symbol Si and atomic number 14, famous for its crucial role in the fabrication of electronic components and solar cells. It is a tough, breakable solid substance with a bluish-gray metallic luster, predominantly employed as a electronic component in the tech industry. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silicon |
Micro-inverter | A micro-inverter is a small unit installed on each solar panel to convert direct current (DC) into alternating current (AC) locally. This method increases system performance, allows for improved performance monitoring, and increases energy production in solar energy setups. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Micro-inverter |
Solar cell | A solar panel is a unit that turns sunlight immediately into electricity through the solar energy process. It is frequently used in solar arrays to provide a green and renewable energy source. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_cell |
PV system | A PV (photovoltaic) system transforms sunlight immediately into electricity using solar panels composed of semiconductor cells. It is a green energy technology that offers eco-friendly power for residential, commercial, and utility-scale applications. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PV_system |
Photon | A photon acts as a fundamental particle representing a packet of light as well as other electromagnetic radiation, carrying energy and momentum and energy without containing rest mass. It serves a crucial role in the relations between matter and electromagnetic fields, enabling phenomena like reflection, refraction, and quantum communication. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photon |
Photovoltaic effect | The photovoltaic effect is the phenomenon by which particular compounds turn sunlight immediately into electricity through the generation of electron-hole pairs. This event is the fundamental foundation behind solar panel systems, facilitating the utilization of solar solar power for energy creation. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photovoltaic_effect |
Wafer (electronics) | An wafer in electronics is a fine slice of semiconductor material, typically silicon, used as the substrate for fabricating integrated circuits. It functions as the primary platform where microprocessors are built through methods like doping, etching, and layering. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wafer_(electronics) |
Crystalline silicon | Crystalline silicon is a super pure form of silicon used primarily in the manufacturing of photovoltaic cells and electronic devices due to its superb semiconductor properties. Its organized, neat crystal lattice enables efficient electrical conductivity and energy conversion. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystalline_silicon |
Thin film solar cell | Flexible solar cells are a type of solar energy technology characterized by their lightweight, pliable configuration, and ability to be produced on large surfaces at a more affordable price. They use layers of semiconductor materials a few micrometers thick to transform sunlight into usable electricity efficiently. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thin_film_solar_cell |
Dead and live loads | Dead loads refer to the static forces exerted by the weight of construction parts and fixed equipment, while live loads are transient forces such as users, furniture, and external influences. Both are critical considerations in building planning to guarantee safety and stability. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dead_and_live_loads |
Series and parallel circuits | Series circuits link components sequentially, so the same current flows through all devices, while parallel circuits connect components across the same voltage source, allowing multiple paths for current. These configurations influence the circuit's overall resistance, current spread, and voltage drops. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Series_and_parallel_circuits |
Electric power | Electric power refers to the speed at which electric power is conveyed by an electric circuit, primarily used to operate devices and appliances. Created through diverse origins such as coal, oil, and natural gas, atomic energy, and green energy, and is essential for today's lifestyle. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_power |
Watt | A watt is a standard of power in the metric system, showing the rate of energy transfer or transformation. It is equal to one unit of energy per second. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Watt |
Voltage | Voltage is the electrical potential difference between two points, which causes the movement of electronic current in a circuit. It is measured in volts and indicates the energy per unit charge available to shift electrons. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voltage |
Volt | A electromotive force is the derived unit of voltage, voltage difference, and voltage in the International System of Units. It measures the potential energy per charge unit between two points in an circuit. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volt |
Electric current | Electric flow is the passage of electric charge through a conductor, usually measured in amps. It is necessary for energizing electronic equipment and enabling the functioning of electronic circuits. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_current |
Ampere | Amp serves as the unit of electric flow in the SI units, represented by A. It indicates the flow of electrical charge through a circuit over a period of time. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ampere |
Electrical load | Electrical load is the term for the amount of electrical power or current demanded by devices and Electrical load in a circuit. It influences the layout and size of power systems to guarantee safe and optimized energy distribution. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrical_load |
Junction box | A junction enclosure is an electrical enclosure used to safely house wire connections, providing a central point for wiring in electrical systems. It ensures organized and safe connections, preventing electrical hazards and facilitating maintenance. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Junction_box |
MC4 connector | The MC4 plug is a conventional photovoltaic connector used to link solar panels in a safe and trustworthy manner. It features a snap-in design with waterproof sealing, ensuring durability and efficient electrical connection in outdoor solar power systems. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MC4_connector |
USB power | USB power provides a easy and uniform method of providing electrical energy to devices through universal ports. It is commonly used for charging and energizing a wide range of electronic gadgets, from smartphones to peripherals. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USB_power |
Power inverter | A energy inverter is a unit that converts DC from sources like accumulators or photovoltaic arrays into alternating current (AC) suitable for household appliances. It permits the operation of regular electrical equipment in environments where only direct current electricity is accessible. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power_inverter |
Battery pack | An battery pack is a collection of several individual batteries designed to store and supply electrical energy for various devices. It provides portable power solutions for electronics, electric vehicles, and renewable energy systems. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battery_pack |
Solar tracking | Sun tracking devices automatically regulate the orientation of solar panels to track the sun movement throughout the day, enhancing power intake. This technology increases the performance of solar energy collection by keeping optimal panel orientation. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_tracking |
Maximum power point tracking | Maximum power point tracking (MPPT) is a technique used to enhance the energy production of solar panel setups by constantly tuning the working point to match the peak power point of the photovoltaic modules. This methodology guarantees the most efficient energy harvesting, especially under varying environmental conditions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maximum_power_point_tracking |
Power optimizer | An power optimizer is a device used in solar energy systems to boost energy output by individually tailored enhancing the performance of each solar panel. It increases overall system efficiency by minimizing energy loss caused by shading, dirt, or panel mismatch. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power_optimizer |
Solar performance monitor | A solar performance monitor is a tool that monitors and evaluates the effectiveness of solar power systems in live, providing useful data on power output and system health. It aids optimize solar energy generation by identifying issues ahead of time and securing maximum efficiency. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_performance_monitor |
Thin-film solar cell | Thin-film solar cells are thin, adaptable photovoltaic devices made by depositing thin layers of semiconductor materials onto substrates. They offer a affordable and multi-functional alternative to traditional silicon-based solar panels, with applications in different portable and building-integrated energy solutions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thin-film_solar_cell |
Solar cells | Sunlight-to-electricity converters convert sun rays directly into electricity through the photoelectric effect, making them a eco-friendly energy source. They are commonly used in solar panels to power homes, electronic gadgets, and entire solar power systems. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_cells |
Polycrystalline silicon | Polycrystalline silicon, also known as polysilicon, is a material composed of numerous tiny silicon crystals, commonly used in solar panels and semiconductor manufacturing. Its production involves melting and recrystallizing silicon to create a pure, polycrystalline structure fit for electronic devices. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polycrystalline_silicon |
Monocrystalline silicon | Mono silicon is a high-purity form of silicon with a continuous lattice structure, making it highly efficient for use in photovoltaic modules and electronic devices. Its homogeneous formation allows for enhanced electron flow, resulting in higher efficiency compared to different silicon varieties. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monocrystalline_silicon |
Cadmium telluride photovoltaics | CdTe photovoltaics represent a kind of film solar system that provides a affordable and high-performance solution for extensive solar energy harvesting. They are their excellent absorption efficiency and relatively affordable manufacturing expenses compared to traditional silicon-based solar panels. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadmium_telluride_photovoltaics |
Copper indium gallium selenide solar cell | CuInGaSe2 solar cells are flexible solar cells that employ a composite material of copper, indium, gallium, and Se to turn sunlight into power efficiently. They are known for their high light capturing efficiency, bendability, and potential for compact, economical solar power solutions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copper_indium_gallium_selenide_solar_cell |
Amorphous silicon | Amorphous form of silicon is a amorphous atomic arrangement, making it easier to handle and simpler to apply than crystalline silicon. It is frequently used in thin-film solar cells and electronic components due to its cost-effectiveness and adaptable properties. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amorphous_silicon |
Third-generation photovoltaic cell | Third-generation photovoltaic modules aim to exceed traditional solar cell efficiencies by utilizing cutting-edge materials and pioneering techniques such as multi-junction stacks, quantum dots, and organic-inorganic hybrids. These technologies focus on maximizing energy conversion, reducing costs, and increasing applicability to various environments. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Third-generation_photovoltaic_cell |
Multi-junction solar cell | Multi-junction solar cells are advanced photovoltaic devices that use several p-n connections layered together to absorb a broader range of the solar spectrum, greatly enhancing their efficiency. These are primarily employed in space applications and high-efficiency solar power systems due to their excellent energy conversion capabilities. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multi-junction_solar_cell |
Solar panels on spacecraft | Spacecraft solar arrays are vital components that transform sunlight into electrical energy to supply onboard systems. They are typically lightweight, robust, and crafted to function effectively in the demanding space environment. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_panels_on_spacecraft |
Compound semiconductor | Compound semiconductors are materials composed of multiple elements, typically involving a metallic element and a non-metallic element, used in high-speed electronic and optoelectronic devices. They offer enhanced performance in applications such as lasers, LEDs, and high-frequency switching devices compared to traditional silicon-based semiconductors. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compound_semiconductor |
Gallium arsenide | GaAs is a compound semiconductor famous for its great electron mobility and effectiveness in high-speed and optoelectronic applications. It is frequently used in devices such as microwave circuits, infrared LEDs, and solar cells. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gallium_arsenide |
Concentrator photovoltaics | Concentrator photovoltaics use lenses or reflectors to direct sunlight onto superior efficiency multi-layer solar cells, greatly enhancing energy transformation efficiency. This technique is perfect for large capacity solar power plants in areas with direct sunlight, offering a cost-effective option for high-demand energy needs. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concentrator_photovoltaics |
Thin-film silicon | Ultralight silicon is a type of photovoltaic material used in solar cells, characterized by its lightweight and pliant form factor. It offers a economical alternative to traditional silicon wafers, with applications in solar building materials and mobile energy solutions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thin-film_silicon |
CIGS solar cell | CIGS solar cell utilize a ultra-thin layer of copper indium gallium selenide as the solar semiconductor, known for high efficiency and bendability. They offer a easy-to-handle, budget-friendly alternative to traditional silicon-based solar panels with excellent performance in diverse climates. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CIGS_solar_cell |
Thin-film | Thin-film refers to a slender layer of material, often measured in nanometers or micrometers, used in diverse technological fields. These layers are essential in electronic systems, light manipulation, and coatings for their special physical and chemical features. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thin-film |
Rooftop solar PV | Rooftop solar PV systems harness sunlight to generate electricity directly on rooftops of buildings, providing a renewable and economical energy solution. They help reduce reliance on fossil fuels, lower electricity bills, and contribute to eco-preservation. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rooftop_solar_PV |
Thin film | A coating is a layer of material covering a few nanometers to several micrometers in depth, often placed on surfaces for functional applications. These coatings are used in various industries, including electronics, light manipulation, and medicine, to modify surface characteristics or create specific device functionalities. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thin_film |
Nanometers | Nanometric units are units of measurement the same as one-billionth of a meter, frequently used to depict minuscule distances at the atomic and molecular scale. They are essential in fields like nanotechnology, physics, and chemistry for gauging structures and particles at the nano level. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nanometers |
Micrometers | Calipers are high-precision measuring instruments used to accurately measure small distances or widths, generally in mechanical engineering and manufacturing. They feature a scaled screw device that allows for precise readings, often down to thousandths of an inch or hundredths of a millimeter. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Micrometers |
Silicon wafer | A silicon wafer is a slender, ring-shaped section of silicon crystal used as the substrate for constructing semiconductor devices. It acts as the core material in the production of ICs and electronic components. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silicon_wafer |
Copper indium gallium selenide solar cells | Copper indium gallium selenide-based solar panels are thin-film photovoltaic devices famous for their high efficiency and adaptability, perfect for various uses. They use a layered layered semiconductor setup that transforms sunlight straight into electricity with outstanding efficiency in low-light conditions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copper_indium_gallium_selenide_solar_cells |
Multi-crystalline silicon | Multi-crystalline silicon silicon is a form of silicon used in solar cells, characterized by its multiple crystal grains that give it a mottled appearance. It is known for being cost-effective and having a moderately high efficiency in transforming sunlight into power. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multi-crystalline_silicon |
Solar PV systems | Solar PV systems convert sunlight directly into power using photovoltaic cells, supplying a renewable energy source for household, business, and grid applications. They provide a environmentally friendly, long-lasting, and affordable way to cut down reliance on non-renewable energy sources and decrease greenhouse gas emissions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_PV_systems |
Perovskite solar cell | Perovskite solar cells are a type of photovoltaic technology that uses perovskite-structured compounds as the light-harvesting layer, known for their high efficiency and low-cost manufacturing. These cells have rapidly advanced in performance, making them a promising alternative to traditional silicon-based solar panels. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perovskite_solar_cell |
Dye-sensitized solar cell | A dye-activated solar cell (DSSC) is a photovoltaic device that turns sunlight into electrical energy using a photosensitive dye to take in light and create electron flow. It offers a affordable and adaptable alternative to standard silicon-based solar cells, with possibility for see-through and thin applications. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dye-sensitized_solar_cell |
Quantum dot solar cell | Quantum dot solar cell cells utilize nanosized semiconductor particles to enhance light capture and conversion efficiency through quantum confinement effects. This technology offers the possibility for cost-effective, adaptable, and superior solar energy harvesting solutions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum_dot_solar_cell |
Organic solar cell | Organic solar cells are photoelectric devices that employ carbon-based molecules, to turn sun's energy into electricity. They are easy to handle, flexible, and enable more affordable, extensive solar energy applications. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organic_solar_cell |
CZTS | CZTS Cu) Zinc Tin Sulfide is a promising electronic compound used in layer solar cells due to its plentiful and non-toxic elements. Its excellent photo-electronic properties make it an appealing option for eco-friendly photovoltaic applications. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CZTS |
Building integrated photovoltaics | Building integrated photovoltaics solar-integrated building systems seamlessly incorporate photovoltaic technology into the design of building materials, such as roofing, outer walls, and windows. This innovative approach enhances energy efficiency while maintaining design elegance and structural functionality. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Building_integrated_photovoltaics |
Transparency and translucency | Transparency permits light to pass through a material bearing minimal distortion, rendering objects behind easily seen. Translucency allows light to diffuse through, obscuring detailed visibility but yet still permitting shapes and light to pass through. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transparency_and_translucency |
Window tinting | Window tinting involves placing a light film to the interior or exterior of vehicle or building panes to block glare, heat, and ultraviolet rays. It boosts privacy, improves energy efficiency, and provides a sleek aesthetic to any window. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Window_tinting |
List of photovoltaic power stations | A collection of PV power stations information various extensive solar energy installations around the globe, highlighting their capacities and positions. These plants serve a important role in green energy production and global efforts to cut carbon releases. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_photovoltaic_power_stations |
Photovoltaic power stations | Photovoltaic energy plants are extensive installations that turn sunlight directly into electricity using photovoltaic panels. They are crucial in sustainable power creation, cutting dependence on non-renewable energy sources, and lowering greenhouse gas emissions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photovoltaic_power_stations |
Environmental issues | Eco concerns encompass a wide range of issues such as contamination, climatic shifts, and forest loss that threaten the health of our planet. Addressing these problems requires collective efforts to promote eco-friendly methods and protect wild habitats. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Environmental_issues |
Renewable energy | Sustainable power comes from natural sources that are renewably sourced, such as solar radiation, air currents, and hydroelectric power. It offers a renewable alternative to fossil fuels, reducing environmental harm and supporting sustainable energy security. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renewable_energy |
Non-renewable energy | Non-sustainable energy resources, such as lignite, petroleum, and fossil gas, are finite resources formed over millions of years and are depleted when used. They are the main power sources for electricity generation and vehicle operation but pose environmental and long-term viability challenges. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-renewable_energy |
Electricity generation | Electrical energy creation involves converting various energy sources such as coal, oil, and natural gas, nuclear power, and green energy into electrical power. This process usually takes place in power stations where turbines and generators work together to produce power for distribution. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electricity_generation |
Heavy metals | Heavy metals are compact, harmful elements such as plumbum, quicksilver, metallic cadmium, and arsenide that pose significant health and environmental risks due to their persistence and bioaccumulation. They are commonly found in industrial emissions, contaminated water, and certain consumer products, requiring careful management to prevent adverse effects. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heavy_metals |
Solar-cell efficiency | Solar panel effectiveness indicates how efficiently a solar cell transforms sunlight into usable electrical energy. Improving this efficiency is crucial for increasing renewable energy production and decreasing reliance on coal and oil. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar-cell_efficiency |
Photoelectric effect | The photoelectric phenomenon occurs when radiation shining on a metal ejects electrons from that surface, demonstrating the particle properties of light. This phenomenon provided key evidence for the development of quantum mechanics by showing that photon energy is quantified. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photoelectric_effect |
Accelerated life testing | Accelerated life testing involves placing products to higher-than-normal stresses to speedily determine their durability and estimate their lifespan under normal conditions. This method helps identify potential failures and enhance product reliability efficiently. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Accelerated_life_testing |
Growth of photovoltaics | The increase of solar energy systems has sped up rapidly over the past decade, driven by innovations and decreasing costs. This expansion is transforming the world energy sector by raising the portion of renewable solar power in electricity generation. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Growth_of_photovoltaics |
Utility-scale solar | Utility-scale solar relates to large solar power installations built to generate electricity on a industrial scale, providing power directly to the grid. These projects typically cover vast areas and utilize photovoltaic panels or solar heating systems to produce renewable energy efficiently. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Utility-scale_solar |
Lens (optics) | A optical element is a see-through instrument that bends light to focus or spread out rays, producing images. It is frequently used in devices like cameras, glasses, and microscopes to manipulate light for better vision and imaging. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lens_(optics) |
Angle of incidence (optics) | The incidence angle is the measure between an incoming light ray and the perpendicular line perpendicular to the surface at the point of contact. It determines how light behaves with the surface, affecting reflection and refraction behaviors. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angle_of_incidence_(optics) |
Anti-reflective coating | Anti-reflective coating is a delicate film applied to vision surfaces to cut down on glare and enhance light passage. It boosts the clarity and luminosity of lenses by minimizing unwanted reflections. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anti-reflective_coating |
Destructive interference | Destructive interference occurs when a couple of waves meet in a manner that their amplitude levels cancel each other out, leading to a diminution or total eradication of the resultant waveform. This occurrence typically happens when these waves are phase-shifted by half a cycle. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Destructive_interference |
Alternating Current | Alternating current refers to a type of electrical flow that periodically reverses, mainly utilized in power supply systems. The electrical potential changes sinusoidally over time, permitting cost-effective transfer over large spans. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alternating_Current |
Microinverter | A microinverter is a tiny device used to transform direct current (DC) from a single solar panel into AC suitable for home applications. It boosts system efficiency by maximizing power output at the panel level and eases installation and service. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microinverter |
AC power | AC power, or alternating current power, is electrical energy delivered through a network where the potential difference and electric flow cyclically reverse polarity, enabling efficient transmission over extended ranges. It is frequently used in residences and industries to operate various appliances and machinery. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AC_power |
DC connector | A direct current connector is a type of electrical plug used to provide direct current (DC) power from a power supply to an device. It generally consists of a tube-shaped plug and jack that provide a reliable and trustworthy connection for different electronic purposes. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DC_connector |
Underwriters Laboratories | Underwriters Laboratories is a worldwide security validation agency that assesses and endorses products to ensure they adhere to particular protection standards. It assists consumers and businesses identify trustworthy and protected products through thorough evaluation and analysis processes. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Underwriters_Laboratories |
Series circuits | Series circuits are electronic circuits in which parts are connected end-to-end, forming a one path for current. In this configuration, the constant current passes through all parts, and the entire voltage is divided among them. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Series_circuits |
Parallel circuits | Parallel electrical circuits are electrical circuits where elements are connected between the same voltage source, offering multiple routes for current flow. This arrangement allows components to operate separately, with the total current split among the branches. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parallel_circuits |
Diode | An diode acts as a solid-state device that permits current to move in one direction exclusively, acting as a single-direction valve for electrical current. It is commonly used for rectification, signal demodulation, and voltage regulation in electrical circuits. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diode |
Automobile auxiliary power outlet | An car auxiliary power outlet is a port, typically 12-volt, created to supply electrical energy for different devices and attachments within a vehicle. It allows users to power electronic devices or run small electronics during on the journey. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automobile_auxiliary_power_outlet |
USB | USB (Universal Serial Bus) is a technology for connecting peripherals to computers, allowing data transmission and electric power. It accommodates a wide range of peripherals such as keyboards, mice, external storage devices, and cell phones, with various versions providing higher speeds and enhanced performance. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USB |
Solar cell efficiency | Solar cell efficiency is the measure of the portion of sunlight energy that a photovoltaic cell turns into electrical energy. Enhancing this efficiency plays a key role in increasing energy production and making solar power economical and sustainable. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_cell_efficiency |
National Renewable Energy Laboratory | The NREL is a U.S. Department of Energy federal research facility dedicated to research and development in renewable energy and energy efficiency technologies. It is committed to advancing breakthroughs in solar power, wind power, biomass energy, and other sustainable energy sources to support a sustainable energy future. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Renewable_Energy_Laboratory |
Electromagnetic spectrum | The electromagnetic spectrum encompasses the entire range of electromagnetic radiation, spanning from radio signals to gamma rays, each with diverse wavelengths and energies. This spectrum is fundamental to many technologies and natural phenomena, enabling communication, medical imaging, and understanding of the outer space. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electromagnetic_spectrum |
Ultraviolet | UV light is a kind of electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength shorter than the visible spectrum but longer than X ray radiation, primarily produced by the solar radiation. It has a important role in processes like vitamin D synthesis but can also result in skin harm and photoaging. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultraviolet |
Infrared | Infrared radiation is a form of electromagnetic wave with extended wavelengths than visible light, primarily emitted as heat by objects. It is widely used in remote controls, thermal imaging, and various sensing technologies. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infrared |
Monochromatic | Uniform color refers to a color scheme based on shades of a individual hue, using different shades, tints, and tones to create cohesion and accord. This composition approach emphasizes simplicity and grace by maintaining steady color elements throughout a design. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monochromatic |
Irradiance | Radiance refers to the intensity of electromagnetic radiation per unit area incident on a surface, generally measured in watts per square meter. It is a key parameter in fields such as solar energy, climate science, and photobiology, indicating the strength of sunlight reaching a given area. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irradiance |
W/m2 | watts per square meter is a measurement unit used to measure the magnitude of energy or power received or emitted over a particular area, often in areas such as meteorology, astronomy, and engineering. It aids in grasping the dispersion and conveyance of radiation across surfaces, such as solar radiation reaching the Earth's surface. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/W/m2 |
Spectrum | Spectrum refers to the extent of different colors or wavebands of electromagnetic radiation, perceptible or alternatively. It is frequently used to depict the dispersion of light or signal frequencies in different scientific and technological contexts. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spectrum |
Airmass | An airmass is a large mass of air with fairly consistent temp and moisture characteristics, originating from particular source regions. These air masses influence climate trends and sky situations as they pass through various zones. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airmass |
Solar irradiance | Solar power is the quantification of the power per square kilometer received from the solar source in the form of light. It varies with solar phenomena and atmospheric factors on Earth, affecting weather patterns and weather patterns. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_irradiance |
Soiling (solar energy) | Contamination in photovoltaic systems refers to the buildup of dust, and other particles on the panels of solar panels, which reduces their performance. Regular cleaning and care are essential to minimize energy waste and guarantee optimal efficiency. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soiling_(solar_energy) |
Open-circuit voltage | Open-circuit voltage is the maximum voltage accessible from a power source when no current is flowing, measured across its terminals. It represents the potential difference of a device when it is disconnected from any load. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open-circuit_voltage |
Short-circuit current | Short-circuit current refers to the peak electrical current that passes through a circuit when a reduced resistance connection, or short circuit, takes place, skipping the normal load. It presents a considerable safety hazard and can result in damage to electrical components if not properly controlled. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Short-circuit_current |
Watt-peak | Watt-peak (Wp) is a assessment of the maximum power output of a solar array under perfect sunlight conditions. It indicates the array's peak potential to create electricity in standard testing conditions . | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Watt-peak |
Voltmeter | A Volt meter is an electrical instrument used to measure the potential difference between two locations in a electrical system. It is frequently utilized in various electrical and electronic applications to maintain proper voltage levels | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voltmeter |
Potential-induced degradation | Potential-induced degradation (PID) is a occurrence in PV modules where high voltage stress causes a significant reduction in energy production and performance. It occurs due to leakage current and ion migration within the solar cell materials, leading to performance decline over time. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potential-induced_degradation |
Boron | Boron serves as a semi-metal element necessary for plant development and employed in multiple industrial uses, including glassmaking and chip manufacturing. It exhibits special chemical properties that cause it valuable in producing durable, heat-resistant materials. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boron |
Photovoltaic mounting system | A photovoltaic mounting system securely supports solar panels, ensuring optimal tilt and orientation for best sunlight exposure. It is designed to withstand environmental conditions while providing a stable and durable foundation for solar energy installations. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photovoltaic_mounting_system |
Solar power plant | A sun-powered power plant captures sunlight using vast groups of photovoltaic panels to produce renewable electricity. It offers an green energy source, reducing reliance on fossil fuels and lowering greenhouse gas emissions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_power_plant |
Agrivoltaics | Agrivoltaics is the combined approach of using land for both solar energy output and agriculture, maximizing space and resources. This method boosts crop production while concurrently creating renewable energy, promoting sustainable land use. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agrivoltaics |
Bifacial solar cells | Bifacial solar panels are solar panels designed to harvest sunlight using both surfaces, enhancing overall energy production. They are commonly positioned in a way that improves effectiveness by utilizing albedo effect and reflected sunlight from the environment. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bifacial_solar_cells |
Solar canopy | A solar-powered canopy is a structure that provides shade while generating electricity through built-in solar panels. It is often installed in parking lots, walkways, or open spaces to merge environmental benefits with useful design. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_canopy |
Solar array | A solar panel setup is a assembly of several solar modules arranged to create electricity from sunlight. It is frequently used in green energy setups to deliver renewable, renewable power for multiple applications. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_array |
Patio cover | A outdoor cover is a framework that delivers shade and protection from the elements for exterior areas. It improves the practicality and aesthetic appeal of a courtyard, making it a cozy area for rest and socializing. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patio_cover |
Zenith angle | The angle measured from directly overhead is the angle between the upright line directly overhead and the line of sight to a heavenly body. It is used in astronomy and meteorology to indicate the position of objects in the sky relative to an spectator. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zenith_angle |
Azimuth angle | The compass bearing is a azimuth measured clockwise a reference heading, usually true north, to the line connecting an viewer to a point of interest. It is often used in routing, surveying, and celestial observation to indicate the direction of an target relative to the viewer. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azimuth_angle |
Occupational hazards of solar panel installation | Installing solar panels exposes workers to risks such as falls from heights and electric shocks, requiring proper safety measures. Additionally, exposure to rough climate and potential bodily injuries pose significant workplace risks in solar panel setup. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Occupational_hazards_of_solar_panel_installation |
Cadmium telluride | CdTe is a semiconductor substance commonly employed in thin-film solar panels due to its high efficiency and cost efficiency. It exhibits superb optical characteristics, making it a preferred option for solar applications. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadmium_telluride |
List of photovoltaics companies | A list of photovoltaics companies features the major manufacturers and suppliers specializing in solar panel technology and renewable energy solutions across the globe. These companies are key in driving solar energy implementation and innovation across multiple markets. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_photovoltaics_companies |
Gigawatt | A gigawatt is a measure of energy output equal to a billion W, used to measure large-scale energy output and usage. It is generally associated with generating stations, power grids, and significant energy initiatives worldwide. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gigawatt |
First Solar | First Solar is a global leader in solar power solutions, focused on producing thin film-based solar cells that offer excellent efficiency and affordable power output. The firm is committed to sustainable renewable energy advancement and reducing the world dependency on fossil fuels through cutting-edge solar technology. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_Solar |
GCL System Integration Technology | GCL System Integration Technology specializes in effortlessly integrating various elements of industrial and automation systems to boost productivity and reliability. It focuses on creating innovative solutions that promote seamless communication and cooperation among diverse technological platforms. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GCL_System_Integration_Technology |
Shunfeng Photovoltaic | Shunfeng Photovoltaic stands as a top China's corporation specializing in producing and developing photovoltaic photovoltaic products and solutions. Renowned for its advanced technology and green energy projects in the renewable energy sector. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shunfeng_Photovoltaic |
GigaWatt | GigaWatt is a unit of power equal to one billion watts, often employed to indicate the capacity of massive power production or usage. It underscores the immense energy magnitude involved in modern power infrastructure and technology. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GigaWatt |
Experience curve effects | Learning curve effects refer to the phenomenon where the production cost drops as overall production rises, due to learning curve and optimization achieved over time. This phenomenon highlights the value of learned skills in reducing costs and improving productivity in industrial processes and other operations. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Experience_curve_effects |
Photovoltaics | Photovoltaics turn sunlight immediately into electricity using semiconductor substances, primarily silicon. This system is a pure, renewable energy source that aids reduce reliance on fossil fuels and decreases greenhouse gas emissions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photovoltaics |
Grid parity | Grid parity occurs when the price of creating solar or wind energy is equal to or less than the price of purchasing power from the electric grid. Achieving grid parity indicates that renewable energy sources are cost-effectively comparable with traditional fossil fuels. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grid_parity |
Mains electricity | Mains electricity acts as the standard electrical power supplied to residences and companies through a network of power lines, offering a reliable source of energy for different appliances. It typically operates at a voltage of around 120V or 230V, based on the country, and is supplied through AC power. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mains_electricity |
Balance of system | Balance of system (BOS) refers to all components of a solar power system except the photovoltaic panels, including inverters, racking, wiring, and other electrical hardware. It is essential for guaranteeing the effective and reliable operation of a solar energy installation. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balance_of_system |
Solar energy | The sun's power is absorbed from the solar radiation using photovoltaic panels to produce electricity or through solar thermal systems to produce heat. It is a renewable, renewable, and environmentally friendly source of power that decreases dependence on fossil fuels. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_energy |
Applications of photovoltaics | Photovoltaics are commonly employed in home, corporate, and industrial sites to create renewable, sustainable electricity from sunlight. They also power remote and off-grid locations, providing sustainable energy solutions where conventional power grids are unavailable. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Applications_of_photovoltaics |
List of solar-powered products | A catalog of solar energy goods features a selection of tools that capture sunlight to generate energy, supporting eco-friendly and sustainable living. These items include covering solar power banks and lights to household devices and outdoor gear, providing flexible alternatives for energy needs. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_solar-powered_products |
Photovoltaic power station | An solar power plant is a facility that generates sunlight immediately into electricity using photovoltaic panels. It is a renewable energy source that aids in decreasing reliance on non-renewable energy and limits greenhouse gas emissions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photovoltaic_power_station |
Solar hybrid power systems | Solar hybrid power systems integrate solar panels with additional energy sources, such as wind or diesel generators, to ensure a reliable and efficient power supply. They enhance energy use by allocating renewable resources and backup options, reducing reliance on fossil fuels and lowering overall emissions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_hybrid_power_systems |
Concentrated photovoltaics | Concentrated photovoltaics use lenses or mirrors focusing sunlight on advanced photovoltaic cells, greatly enhancing energy capture from less space. This technology is highly suitable where intense, direct sunlight and provides a promising approach to cut expenses related to solar energy. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concentrated_photovoltaics |